Hypoglycaemia

This is in addition to any specific advice given to you by the ambulance crew you saw today

When your glucose level is too low - called a ‘hypo’ - your body does not have enough energy to carry out key functions.

The immediate treatment for a hypo is to have some food or drink containing sugar (such as chocolate, sugar cubes or fruit juice) straight away to end the episode.

After having something sugary if may be necessary for you to have a longer-acting carbohydrate food such as a few biscuits or a sandwich, depending on which insulin you are using.

If hypoglycaemia is not treated it may lead to unconsciousness, because there is not enough glucose available to support normal brain activity.

Early Signs

• feeling hungry
• trembling or shaking
• sweating
• anxiety or irritable
• fast pulse
• tingling of the lips.

More Sever Signs

• stumbling about
• confusion
• difficulty in concentration
• becoming less awake

The immediate treatment for low blood sugar (hypo) is to have some food or drink containing sugar straight away.

For example, try

• a glass of fruit juice, Lucozade or sweets
• a few sugar lumps or glucose tablets.

After having something sugary, you should have a longer acting carbohydrate such as a few biscuits, a cereal bar, a piece of fruit or a sandwich.

This should only be attempted in patients who are able to swallow.

If the episode is more sever

Someone else can help you by applying Glucogel (or honey, treacle or jam) to the inside of your cheeks and gently massage the outside of your cheeks.

If unconscious and not responding to any medication or treatment

If a person is already unconscious place them into the recovery position and dial 999 for an ambulance.

Never attempt to put food or drink into the mouth of someone who is unconscious, as they could choke.

Prevention

Regular Check ups

• Ensure that you follow the care recommended by your GP or diabetes specialist. It is really important to make contact with them to discuss any concerns.
• You should inform your GP if you have an ambulance called for low blood sugar.
• Check your blood sugar at regular intervals if this is part of your care plan.

Eat regularly and limit alcohol

• Make sure you eat regularly and do not miss meals.
• Alcohol can affect your body’s ability to release glucose. If you have type one diabetes you are advised to drink no more than two or three units of alcohol a day, and to eat a snack after drinking alcohol.
• Make sure you eat some form of carbohydrate before and after you do any exercise.

Be Prepared

Parents of children with insulin dependant diabetes can often quickly recognise symptoms. Children should carry a carton of fruit juice or a chocolate bar with them at all times, in case they feel the symptoms coming on. Also ensure friends and family are informed so they can spot the signs and pass on key information if an ambulance is needed.

You can also consider wearing a medical alert bracelet.

Patient advice leaflet: Reviewed June 2023